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Fact check

Is it true: Havana Syndrome?

Under Investigation50% confidence

It's still under investigation.

The 2020 National Academies of Sciences report concluded that "directed, pulsed radio frequency energy" could plausibly explain some cases. Subsequent CIA, DoD, and IC assessments (January 2022, March 2023) narrowed and then broadened scope. The March 2023 IC assessment stated with "varying levels of confidence" that a foreign adversary was unlikely responsible for the majority of cases, while noting some cases remained unexplained. 60 Minutes and The Insider/Der Spiegel investigations in 2024 reported on GRU Unit 29155 possibly involved in at least some incidents. The case is genuinely unsettled: symptoms are real, cases are documented, mechanism remains contested.

The claim

A cluster of unexplained neurological symptoms reported by US diplomats and intelligence personnel beginning at the US Embassy in Havana, Cuba in 2016, and subsequently at US facilities in China, Russ

Key evidence

National Academies 2020: pulsed RF energy plausible

March 2023 IC assessment: foreign adversary unlikely in most cases

Read the full evidence file

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