Fact check
Is it true: Protocols of the Elders of Zion (1903-present)?
No — this has been debunked.
Philip Graves's 1921 Times of London exposé documented direct, passage-by-passage plagiarism from Maurice Joly's 1864 Dialogue aux Enfers. The Swiss Bern Trial (1935) declared it a forgery following expert testimony. Scholarly consensus since the early twentieth century identifies it as an Okhrana-adjacent fabrication. The text has no evidentiary basis and is a documented antisemitic forgery.
The claim
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is an antisemitic forgery first published in the Russian newspaper Znamya in 1903 by Pavel Krushevan, with later editions promoted by Pyotr Rachkovsky of the Okhran
Key evidence
Henry Ford's Dearborn Independent (1920-22) — mass circulation amplified harm
Philip Graves exposé (1921) — passage-by-passage plagiarism documented
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